San Marino in other languages: exonyms, flag and the nine castelli
San Marino is the Repubblica di San Marino in Italian, coded SM, SMR and 674 in ISO 3166-1, and keeps its name nearly unchanged abroad. The name is listed here in 170 languages and variants, followed by the nine castelli that make up the republic.
Official languagesItalian (italiano)
Checked
- alpha-2
- SM
- alpha-3
- SMR
- numeric
- 674
Repubblica di San Marino
- English
- San MarinoRepublic of San Marino
- Capital
- Città di San MarinoCittà di San Marino · San Marino City
ISO 3166-1, checked 28 October 2026. Flag after the Wikimedia Commons drawing. Anthem title: Legge Costituzionale 26 settembre 2025 n. 2, art. 3, approved by the Consiglio Grande e Generale on 22 September 2025.
San Marino in other languages: list of exonyms
| Languages | ISO 639-3 | Name | Romanised |
|---|---|---|---|
| English, Afrikaans, Aragonese, Asturian, Breton, Catalan, Czech, Kashubian, Welsh, Danish, Lower Sorbian, Estonian, Basque, Faroese, Finnish, Kven, West Frisian, Scottish Gaelic, Galician, Manx, Croatian, Upper Sorbian, Hungarian, Igbo, Interlingua, Indonesian, Italian, Javanese, Greenlandic, Limburgish, Malagasy, Maltese, Nahuatl, Dutch, Norwegian, Novial, Polish, Romansh, Romanian, Aromanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Northern Sami, Spanish, Albanian, Sardinian, Saterland Frisian, Swahili, Swedish, Silesian, Turkish, Võro, Wolof, Zazaki, German, Luxembourgish, Low German | eng / afr / arg / ast / bre / cat / ces / csb / cym / dan / dsb / est / eus / fao / fin / fkv / fry / gla / glg / glv / hrv / hsb / hun / ibo / ina / ind / ita / jav / kal / lim / mlg / mlt / nah / nld / nor / nov / pol / roh / ron / rup / slk / slv / sme / spa / sqi / srd / stq / swa / swe / szl / tur / vor / wol / zza / deu / ltz / nds | San Marino | same as written |
| Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar, Gagauz, Karakalpak, Turkmen | aze / crh / gag / kaa / tuk | San-Marino / Сан-Марино | San-Marino |
| Aymara, Quechua, Sicilian | aym / que / scn | San Marinu | same as written |
| Esperanto, Veps | epo / vep | San-Marino | same as written |
| French, Norman French | fra / nrm | Saint-Marin | same as written |
| Friulian, Occitan | fur / oci | Sant Marin | same as written |
| Bambara | bam | Sɛn-Marɛn | same as written |
| Bosnian | bos | San Marino / Сан Марино / سان مارٖىنۉ | San Marino |
| Cornish | cor | Sen Marin | same as written |
| Franco-Provençal | frp | Sant-Marin | same as written |
| Irish | gle | San Mairíne | same as written |
| Haitian Creole | hat | Sen Maren | same as written |
| Icelandic | isl | San Marínó | same as written |
| Jersey Norman French | jnf | Saint Mathîn | same as written |
| Kurmanji Kurdish | kur | San Marîno | same as written |
| Latin | lat | Sanctus Marinus | same as written |
| Latvian | lav | Sanmarīno | same as written |
| Lingala | lin | Santu Marino | same as written |
| Lithuanian | lit | San Marinas | same as written |
| Ladin | lld | San Marin | same as written |
| Latgalian, Samogitian | ltg / smg | San Marins | same as written |
| Moldovan | mol | San Marino / Сан-Марино | San Marino |
| Malay | msa | San Marino / سان مارينو | San Marino |
| Portuguese | por | São Marinho, San Marino | same as written |
| Kalderash Romani | rmy | San Marino / सान मारिनो | San Marino |
| Slovio | slo | Sanmarino / Санмарино | Sanmarino |
| Somali | som | Saan Mariino | same as written |
| Tetum | tet | Saun Mariñu | same as written |
| Uzbek | uzb | San-Marino / Сан-Марино / سەن-مەرىنا | San-Marino |
| Vietnamese | vie | Xan Ma-ri-nô | same as written |
| Volapük | vol | Saluda-Marinän | same as written |
| Walloon | wln | Sint Marin | same as written |
| Old Church Slavonic | chu | Сан Мари́но | San Maríno |
| Abkhaz, Abaza, Altai, Avar, Chuvash, Kabardian, Khakas, Komi, Karachay-Balkar, Kumyk, Lezgi, Meadow Mari, Ossetian, Russian, Yakut, Tuvan, Udmurt, Kalmyk | abk / abq / alt / ava / chv / kbd / kjh / kom / krc / kum / lez / mhr / oss / rus / sah / tyv / udm / xal | Сан-Марино | San-Marino |
| Bulgarian, Macedonian, Mongolian | bul / mkd / mon | Сан Марино | San Marino |
| Bashkir, Chechen | bak / che | Сан-Марино / San-Marino | San-Marino |
| Belarusian | bel | Сан-Марына / San-Maryna | San-Maryna |
| Kazakh | kaz | Сан-Марино / سان-مارينو / San-Marïno | San-Marïno |
| Kyrgyz | kir | Сан-Марино / سان-مارئنو / San-Marino | San-Marino |
| Kurdish (Caucasus) | kmr | Сан-Марино / San-Marîno | San-Marîno |
| Rusyn | rue | Сан Маріно | San Marino |
| Serbian | srp | Сан Марино / San Marino | San Marino |
| Tatar | tat | Сан-Марино / San-Marino / سان-مارىنو | San-Marino |
| Tajik | tgk | Сан-Марино / سن مرینا / San-Marino | San-Marino |
| Ukrainian | ukr | Сан-Маріно | San-Marino |
| Arabic | ara | سان مارينو, سان مرينو | Sān Mārīnū, Sān Marīnū |
| South Azerbaijani | azb | سان مارینو / San-Marino | San-Marino |
| Sorani Kurdish | ckb | سان مارینۆ / San Marîno | San Marîno |
| Persian | fas | سان مارینو / Sân Mârino | Sân Mârino |
| Western Punjabi | pnb | سان مرینو | Sān Marīnō |
| Dari | prs | سان مارینو | Sān Mārīnō |
| Pashto | pus | سان مارينو | Sān Mārīnō |
| Uyghur | uig | سان مارىنو / San Marino / Сан-Марино | San Marino |
| Urdu | urd | سان مرینو, سین مرینو, سین میرینو | Sān Marīnō, Sēn Marīnō, Sēn Mērīnō |
| Dhivehi | div | ސެން މަރީނޯ | Sen Marīnō |
| Syriac | syr | ܣܢ ܡܪܝܢܘ | San Marīnō |
| Hebrew | heb | סן־מרינו, סאן־מרינו, סאן־מארינו | San-Marīnō, Sān-Marīnō, Sān-Mārīnō |
| Ladino | lad | סאן מארינו / San Marino | San Marino |
| Yiddish | yid | סאַן מאַרינאָ | San Marino |
| Amharic | amh | ሳን ማሪኖ | San Marino |
| Greek (Demotic) | ell | Άγιος Μαρίνος, Σαν Μαρίνο | Ágios Marínos, San Maríno |
| Greek (Katharevousa) | ell | Ἅγιος Μαρῖνος | Hágios Marĩnos |
| Armenian | hye | Սան Մարինո | San Marino |
| Georgian, Mingrelian | kat / xmf | სან-მარინო | San-Marino |
| Laz | lzz | სან-მარინო / San-Marino | San-Marino |
| Hindi | hin | सैन मेरीनो, सान मारिनो | Sæn Merīno, Sān Mārino |
| Nepali | nep | सान मरिनो | Sān Marino |
| Bengali | ben | সান মারিনো | Sān Mārino |
| Gujarati | guj | સાન મૅરિનો | Sān Mĕrino |
| Odia | ori | ସାନ୍ ମାରିନୋ | Sān Mārino |
| Punjabi | pan | ਸਾਨ ਮਾਰੀਨੋ | Sān Mārīno |
| Sinhala | sin | සැන් මරිනෝ | Sæn Marinō |
| Kannada | kan | ಸ್ಯಾನ್ ಮರಿನೊ | Sæn Marino |
| Malayalam | mal | സാൻ മാരിനോ, സാന്മാരിനോ | Sān Mārinō, Sānmārinō |
| Tamil | tam | சான் மரீனோ, சான் மெரினோ | Cāṉ Marīṉō, Cāṉ Meriṉō |
| Telugu | tel | సాన్ మారినో, సేన్ మెరినో | Sān Mārinō, Sēn Merinō |
| Chinese | zho | 聖馬力諾/圣马力诺 | Shèng Mǎlìnuò |
| Japanese | jpn | サン・マリノ, サンマリノ | San-Marino, Sanmarino |
| Korean | kor | 산마리노 | San Marino |
| Tibetan | bod | སན་མ་རི་ནོ། | San. Ma.ri.no |
| Burmese | mya | ဆန်မာရီနို | Sʰã Maẏino |
| Thai | tha | ซานมารีโน, ซานมาริโน | Sān Mārīnō, Sān Mārinō |
| Khmer | khm | សាន់ម៉ារីណូ, សានម៉ារីណូ, សង់ម៉ារីណូ | San Mārīṇū, Sān Mārīṇū, Săṅ Mārīṇū |
French and Norman translate the saint's name, Saint-Marin, as do Friulian and Occitan with Sant Marin and Ladin with San Marin; Latin has Sanctus Marinus and Portuguese São Marinho beside San Marino.
San Marino, Saint-Marin, Sanctus Marinus
In Italian, its only official language, the country is the Repubblica di San Marino, with the adjective sammarinese. The name comes from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the island of Rab who, as tradition has it, founded the community, and most languages keep the Italian form unchanged, so the table of exonyms is short on variety and long on agreement.
The exceptions translate the saint. French writes Saint-Marin, Latin Sanctus Marinus, Portuguese São Marinho, Ladin San Marin and Friulian Sant Marin. Cyrillic languages either join the two words with a hyphen, as Russian Сан-Марино does, or keep them apart, as Bulgarian Сан Марино does.
The capital shares the name. Italian distinguishes it as Città di San Marino, the city of San Marino, and since 2020 ISO uses that form for the castello SM-07, with plain San Marino as the local variant.
The nine castelli of San Marino with ISO 3166-2 codes
San Marino is divided into nine castelli, literally castles, the municipalities of the republic. Each has a capital (capoluogo) and smaller settlements called curazie. ISO 3166-2:SM numbers them SM-01 to SM-09.
| ISO 3166-2 | Italian | English | Administrative centre | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Castelli castelli9 | ||||
| SM-01 | Castello di Acquaviva | Acquaviva | AcquavivaAcquaviva | |
| SM-02 | Castello di Chiesanuova | Chiesanuova | ChiesanuovaChiesanuova | |
| SM-03 | Castello di Domagnano | Domagnano | DomagnanoDomagnano | |
| SM-04 | Castello di Faetano | Faetano | FaetanoFaetano | |
| SM-05 | Castello di Fiorentino | Fiorentino | FiorentinoFiorentino | |
| SM-06 | Castello di Borgo Maggiore | Borgo Maggiore | Borgo MaggioreBorgo Maggiore | |
| SM-07 | Castello della Città di San Marino | Città di San Marino | San MarinoSan Marino | 2020 ISO spelling changed to Città di San Marino, with San Marino as local variant |
| SM-08 | Castello di Montegiardino | Montegiardino | MontegiardinoMontegiardino | |
| SM-09 | Castello di Serravalle | Serravalle | SerravalleSerravalle | |
Codes and ISO names: ISO 3166-2:SM on the ISO Online Browsing Platform, as tabulated in Wikipedia's ISO 3166-2:SM, checked 28 October 2026. Capitals and curazie: Wikipedia's Subdivisions of San Marino, checked the same day.
Castles as municipalities
The castelli are self-governing: each elects a Captain of the Castle and a castle council every five years. The national anthem, composed by Federico Consolo and adopted in 1894, was long known only as the Inno Nazionale della Repubblica. Constitutional Law no. 2 of 26 September 2025 gave it the official title Terra di Libertà, Land of Liberty, and leaves its words and music to an ordinary law; until then it had been played without words at official ceremonies.
Questions about the names and castelli of San Marino
What is San Marino called in French?
Saint-Marin. Ladin writes San Marin, Latin Sanctus Marinus.
What are the ISO codes of San Marino?
SM (alpha-2), SMR (alpha-3) and 674 (numeric) in ISO 3166-1; the nine castelli are SM-01 to SM-09.
What is the national anthem of San Marino called?
Terra di Libertà (Land of Liberty) since 26 September 2025. Before that it was simply the Inno Nazionale della Repubblica; the music is by Federico Consolo.